Wednesday, March 20, 2013

What is Contact Dermatitis?


Dr. David Nieves

What does the oil found in poison ivy plants, a woman’s perfume and preservatives found in deodorant have in common? All are possible agents triggering contact dermatitis.

Skin inflammation caused by contact with offending agents is called contact dermatitis. There are two forms of contact dermatitis: allergic and irritant. Allergic contact dermatitis is a reaction of the immune system to an allergen such as the three types of agents described above. It typically occurs 1-2 days after exposure.

Irritant dermatitis is inflammation of the skin caused by physical disruption brought on by contact with an outside substance. Examples include contact with acid or long-term exposure to wet diapers.

Contact dermatitis causes the areas of skin which came into contact with the inciting allergen or irritant to become red, dry and itchy. In many cases, contact dermatitis is a short-term phenomenon. Treatment includes moisturizer, topical steroid creams and avoidance of exposure to the source of the reaction.

Unfortunately, many times the source of the reaction is unknown, making it difficult to avoid future exposure. Even if the affected individual changes his or her personal care products, the problem may persist if an allergen is used as a common ingredient. Allergens causing allergic contact dermatitis can be identified with patch testing.

Patch testing is a noninvasive procedure in which a collection of allergen samples is applied to the patient’s back on a Monday, removed on Wednesday and with final interpretation of the application site on Friday. Windsor Dermatology uses a large inventory of allergen samples to perform testing, increasing the likelihood that the causative allergen or irritant can be found.

We have been able to help patients demystify what is causing their contact dermatitis over the years, helping them move on with their lives in comfort. In one memorable instance, a man had suffered from severe, chronic hand rashes for many years. Patch testing revealed he was allergic to a chemical used in the soap in the lavatory of his workplace. Now he brings his own supply of allergen-free soap to work and the problem has been solved.

In another case, a woman with chronic rashes on her eyelids had tried numerous brands of makeup, yet her rash persisted. Patch testing identified she was allergic to the rubber in her makeup removal sponge. Avoidance of this sponge helped to rapidly clear up the irritation.

Another woman suffered for years with itchy, dry lips despite frequently moisturizing with lip moisturizer. She was found to be allergic to a sunscreen used in the particular ChapStick product she was using. She switched to one which did not contain sunscreen and her inflammation disappeared.

Have you experienced repeated rashes on your skin? You can put an end to your discomfort by scheduling an appointment at Windsor Dermatology. Please call us at 609-443-4500.


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